Current Status and Development of Vinca Alkaloids in Cancer Treatment

Review Article

Abstract

Cancer is as a paramount global health challenge, characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation and metastatic spread. Recent molecular and genomic discoveries have led to further understanding about the mechanisms underlying cancer initiation and progression, leading to novel therapeutic approaches. The evolution of cancer treatment spans millennia, from ancient Egyptian documentation to modern precision medicine. Contemporary treatment protocols include various modalities, including targeted molecular interventions, immunomodulation, and natural product-derived compounds such as vinca alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus. While vinca alkaloids show remarkable efficacy in specific malignancies, their clinical application faces limitations due to narrow therapeutic indices and significant adverse effects. Current research focuses on overcoming these challenges through innovative drug delivery systems and combination therapies. The combination of artificial intelligence, genetic editing, and personalized medicine approaches shows promise in enhancing treatment outcomes. Nevertheless, obstacles do exist in early detection, therapeutic resistance, and minimizing treatment-related toxicities. Emerging treatments focus on transforming cancer into a manageable chronic condition, indicating the need for continued scientific investigation and global healthcare accessibility.