Development and Physicochemical Evaluation of Jaggery-Based Polyherbal Lozenges

Research Article

Abstract

Oropharyngeal infections and pharyngitis are widespread clinical challenges which are frequently treated with synthetic medicated lozenges, which may present issues regarding chemical additives and adverse reactions. Natural alternatives employing traditional therapeutic agents offer a sustainable and biocompatible approach. This research work focuses on the formulation and characterization of jaggery-based lozenges containing a synergistic blend of Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), Vacha (Acorus calamus), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), and Clove (Syzygium aromaticum). Utilizing a precise molding technique, four distinct formulations (F1–F4) were developed within a demulcent matrix of jaggery and sucrose. Physicochemical evaluation shows that the formulations maintain optimal mechanical strength, with hardness values ranging from 8.20 ± 0.26 to 9.63 ± 0.25 kg/cm² and friability significantly below the 1% threshold. The disintegration time in a simulated oral environment (pH 6.8) is established between 16 and 17 minutes, facilitating a sustained release of phytochemicals. Antimicrobial analysis via the cup-plate method shows that the polyherbal variant (F4) produces a maximum zone of inhibition (22 ± 0.5 mm), indicating robust efficacy against oropharyngeal pathogens. Stability data over a 30-day period confirm the maintenance of structural integrity and chemical consistency. These results show that the polyherbal jaggery lozenge as a viable, patient-friendly delivery system for the localized treatment of throat-related ailments