A Review on Analytical Methods for Detection and Quantification of Novel Antiviral Drugs

Review Article

Abstract

The discovery of novel antiviral drugs has necessitated the development of robust analytical techniques for their detection, quantification, and quality control. This review presents current analytical methodologies employed in the analysis of recently developed antiviral drugs including Lenacapavir, Ensitrelvir, Favipiravir, Molnupiravir, Simnotrelvir, and Ritonavir-based combinations. Various chromatographic techniques, spectroscopic methods, and mass spectrometry approaches have been utilized for the determination of these antivirals in different matrices. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with various detectors remains the predominant technique, offering excellent sensitivity and selectivity. The application of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography has further enhanced separation efficiency and reduced analysis time. Novel sample preparation techniques and method validation procedures ensure accurate quantification in pharmaceutical formulations and biological matrices. Mass spectrometry techniques have proven invaluable for structural elucidation and metabolite identification. This review discusses analytical method development, validation parameters, and challenges encountered during analysis. Emerging techniques such as capillary electrophoresis and spectrofluorimetry have shown promise in specific applications. The collective analytical methods presented provide a foundation for quality control in pharmaceutical manufacturing and therapeutic drug monitoring in clinical settings