A Cross-sectional Study of COVID-19 Vaccination and Public Perception in Selected Rural Community

Research Article

Abstract

The COVID-19 vaccination program in India demonstrated rapid deployment, yet rural populations exhibited lower vaccination rates compared to urban centers. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in rural areas of Surampalem of Andhra Pradesh state in India to evaluate vaccination status, assess public perception, and identify barriers to vaccine uptake. The study included 312 participants (151 males, 161 females) through a door-to-door survey using a structured questionnaire. Results indicated that Covaxin was administered to 168 participants while 144 received Covishield. It is found that 67% of the surveyed population required their second dose, indicating a substantial gap in complete vaccination coverage. Common misconceptions identified among participants included concerns about adverse effects, doubts regarding vaccine efficacy, belief in natural immunity superiority, and fears about vaccine interactions with comorbidities. Statistical analyses using one-way ANOVA and Student's t-tests showed no significant differences between groups regarding vaccine doses, age versus gender, and age versus vaccine type (p > 0.005). Educational interventions were implemented through awareness camps and distribution of informational brochures to address identified misconceptions. Data was shared with local health authorities to facilitate targeted vaccination drives. The study results show the need for continued education and awareness programs in rural communities to improve COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and completion rates.