Evaluation of Anthelmintic Activity of Galphimia gracilis

Research Article

Abstract

Helminth infections pose a significant global health burden, affecting a substantial portion of the world's population, particularly in tropical and resource-limited regions. Despite the availability of various synthetic anthelmintic drugs, their use is often accompanied by adverse effects, toxicity concerns, and the potential development of drug resistance. Therefore, exploring natural alternatives with promising anthelmintic properties is crucial. This study evaluates the anthelmintic activity of Galphimia gracilis, a plant species traditionally used in Mexican folk medicine, known for its diverse phytochemical constituents, including flavonoids and alkaloids. Through a comprehensive phytochemical screening, the presence of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins, was confirmed in the methanolic and ethanolic extracts of G. gracilis leaves. In vitro anthelmintic assays were conducted using adult Indian earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) as a model organism. The extracts exhibited notable anthelmintic activity in a dose-dependent manner, with higher concentrations demonstrating paralysis and death times comparable to the standard drug albendazole. The promising anthelmintic potential of G. gracilis extracts could pave the way for further exploration and development of natural remedies for helminth infections. However, standardization of dosage forms, elucidation of mechanisms of action, and comprehensive safety evaluations are warranted to establish evidence-based recommendations for its therapeutic application.